Recurrent Parathyroid Carcinoma in the Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia Type 2 (MEN2): A Case Report and a Review of Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia with Parathyroid Carcinoma Reported Cases in the World

Hongyu Wang, Yu Xiao, Surong Hua and Quan Liao

Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China Department of Pathology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China

^*Correspondance to: Hongyu Wang 

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Abstract:

Parathyroid Carcinoma (PC) is an infrequent endocrine malignancy with only a few thousand cases documented globally. Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia Type 2 (MEN2) is a hereditary syndrome characterized by the development of tumors in multiple endocrine glands. Although parathyroid hyperplasia or adenoma in multiple endocrine neoplasia 2A syndrome (MEN2A) is the most common type, parathyroid carcinoma is rare. Herein, we describe for a female patient of PC with MEN2A and review of all reported relevant cases retrieved through PubMed. A 60-year-old female patient who was diagnosed with PC in the context of medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC) at the age of 48. [99mTc] MIBI image revealed hyperparathyroidism of the left inferior gland following elevated serum calcium levels, and postoperative pathology confirmed carcinoma of adenoepithelial origin with focal infiltration. Notably, her brother had experienced pathological rib fractures due to parathyroid adenoma, but genetic analysis did not reveal mutations in the RET gene associated with MEN2. Our review of the few published cases of parathyroid carcinoma within MEN syndromes (including MEN1, MEN2) reported in the literature indicates that, after surgery for MEN-PHPT, recurrent hypercalcemia and heterotopic lesions should be considered for the possibility of PC.

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Cite the Article:

Hongyu Wang, Yu Xiao, Surong Hua, Quan Liao. Recurrent Parathyroid Carcinoma in the Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia Type 2 (MEN2): A Case Report and a Review of Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia with Parathyroid Carcinoma Reported Cases in the World. World J Surg Surgical Res. 2025; 8: 1585..